System Overview

Theoretical Concepts

Units, Layers & Scripts

Project Overview

                Draft - Do Not Quote Or Distribute

Summary: Polynyms and Quadranyms are fashioned by people or can be generated by a system to represent strategic ways of thinking or sense-making abilities. Our hope is that once quadranyms and polynyms are better understood their practical and diverse applicability will be apparent.

Below is a Q table. It represents a Polynym. Each topic name represents one of its dimensions (ranks). Polynym dimensions can be of any number.

This one is fashioned in five dimensions (i.e., pentanym).

5 parts × Relations of Locations = [space, door, distance, direction, container]

Topic Name Expansion Reduction Objective Subjective
space infinite finite between void
door open close barrier passage
distance far near relation position
direction there here to from
container out in full empty
time
future past event present

Unlike polynyms that have any number of dimensions, quadranyms align and nest (local) topics using four (global) dimensions. These dimensions form all quadranym units. The terms in each of the (EROS) columns tend to fill in a tantamounting or pervading sense. Meta-Dimensional Roles are the general terms (M-roles). Specific roles are called content roles (C-roles). C-roles are attracted to M-role states. M-roles work to make C-role relations tractable.

In the matrix above, notice how temporal & spatial realms align or nest together. Although the nestings suggest certain relationships, these are primary positions that can be altered through scripts as we will see later.

Quadranyms are pre-textual anchors making motivated-dynamical-contexts out of words before any textual influence then, reshapes for the situation.

Q analysis is about how dynamic roles are equivocated to satisfy the task of describing a condition. Roles of a column can be connected using relations.

  • Conceptnet types, e.g., between isA barrier, open motivatedBygoal out.
  • Also, relations can cross rank topic terms, e.g., out obstructedBy barrier.

A quadranym is a simple organizing construct that is reasonably explained in minutes. Below is an introductory outline of the quadranym dimensions.

The Prime Dimensions & M-Role Examples:

  • E: Expansive (potential mode) term examples: potential, active, unity, group, over, all, new, implicit, big, learning, playing (or a kind of child like view of life where the world is constantly unfolding), mystery, sustain, spatial openness.
  • R: Reductive (actual mode) term examples: actual, passive, plurality, it, that, you , me, fact, in, down, measure, explicit, focus, small, (or a kind of adult view of life where the world needs controlling), familiar, deny, spatial closeness.
  • O: Objective (potential state) term examples: potential, becoming, condition, variant, practice, decide between, interpersonal, social, temporal endings.
  • S: Subjective (actual state) term examples: actual, being, coherent, core, constant, perspective, beliefs, desires, intrapersonal, temporal beginnings.

Various metaphysical notions apply to the quadranym prime dimensions, such as, part/whole, plurality/unity, being/becoming, time and space.

Note that actual-state refers to a unit’s actual state of being. This mainly refers to the context of being, core sense and self-centered bias. When referring to physical properties & laws, actual is a situational context. We call this the Objective Field, i.e., real-world entities. A dynamical contextual orientation virtually seeks to optimize its relations to the objective field.

  • Actual-State of the Dynamical Context = self-centered world or umwelt.

Q words are written, nTopic = Topic Name for Word. For example…

  • nSpace
  • nDoor
  • nDistance
  • nDirection
  • nContainer

Quadranyms act like anchors of word-sensibility for word sense.

Consider space and its word sense entries from WordNet.

Noun

  • S: (n) space, infinite (the unlimited expanse in which everything is located) “they tested his ability to locate objects in space”; “the boundless regions of the infinite”
  • S: (n) space (an empty area (usually bounded in some way between things)) “the architect left space in front of the building”; “they stopped at an open space in the jungle”; “the space between his teeth”
  • S: (n) space (an area reserved for some particular purpose) “the laboratory’s floor space”
  • S: (n) outer space, space (any location outside the Earth’s atmosphere) “the astronauts walked in outer space without a tether”; “the first major milestone in space exploration was in 1957, when the USSR’s Sputnik 1 orbited the Earth”
  • S: (n) space, blank (a blank character used to separate successive words in writing or printing) “he said the space is the most important character in the alphabet”
  • S: (n) distance, space (the interval between two times) “the distance from birth to death”; “it all happened in the space of 10 minutes”
  • S: (n) space, blank space, place (a blank area) “write your name in the space provided”
  • S: (n) space (one of the areas between or below or above the lines of a musical staff) “the spaces are the notes F-A-C-E”
  • S: (n) quad, space ((printing) a block of type without a raised letter; used for spacing between words or sentences)

The lexicon wordnet defines a word (with gloss and synsets) for as many distinct senses in the entry. A word’s general message or pervading sense is, in some manner, often perceived in each of the different senses. What kind of framework can be used for this kind of analysis? Researchers are discovering that the mind responds to written text using many of the same resources (i.e., motor and sensory perception) used to interact in the world. Regarding words only as atomic sentential elements of grammar does not suit this kind of analysis. The grounded sense of words seem to exist in the interactions between us and those things we resonate with in the world; each word, remembered dynamics, educing a sense of, dynamical orientation.

  • Orientational Template: nTopic[E_mode(s_state) ⊇ R_mode(o_state)]
  • A topical orientation of space: nSpace[Infinite(void) ⊇ Finite(between)].
  1. Mode Sets: potential ⊇ actual (a.k.a. predicates & action)
  2. State Sets: actual ⊇ potential (a.k.a. subjects & being)

Quadranyms contain two sets: the superset virtually holds all the elements that the system has on nTopic. This is the source set (a.k.a. the unattended set). Any subset of the source is the target set (a.k.a. the attended set).

  • unattended_source ⊇ attended_target

Quantifying: all or some default variables: Infinite = All Finite = Some. Dynamical Context seeks to attach to Situational Context, e.g., The tiny room.

  • Space(x) → [Infinite(void_tiny) Finite(between_room)(x)]

Tiny is anchored to the subject void predicated on the potential, infinite. Infinite is the dependent variable, finite is the independent variable. The dynamical context is orientation dependent on the independent situation.

(Note: a good example of what we mean by the last sentence above is this… consider a scene in a movie, the music used in the scene adds a dynamical context. This is about musical features such as, tempo, range, volume, fast notes, slow notes arranged in such a way to affect the scene. Still, the scene provides what is actually happening. This is the independent situation. The music is a dynamical context that affects the situation. However, it is dependent on the scenes in the movie to have any situational meaning.)

Below is a list of synonyms (C-roles) for space from Thesaurus.com.

Space {area, arena, capacity, distance, field, location, slot, spot, territory, zone, amplitude, blank, breadth, compass, expanse, expansion, extension, extent, gap, headroom, headway, infinity, interval, lacuna, leeway, margin, omission, play, range, reach, spaciousness, sphere, spread, stretch, tract, turf, volume, elbowroom}.

  • Create trajectories for: source set ⊇ target set.

For the space template; void anchors the dynamics of the entire set. It functions like a heuristic bias and is referred to as the Coherent Bias. All C-roles are anchored on void and become attended under the term between.

  • M-roles: {<void, between>}
  • C-roles: {area, arena, capacity, distance, field, location, slot …}

Q Gloss Utility: If/Then Template for C-Roles Intending Space:

(Utility terms are written, xterm = expression for attended sense.)

  1. IF void IS area THEN it IS between xhere AND xthere.
  2. IF void IS arena THEN it IS between xthis AND xthat.
  3. IF void IS capacity THEN it IS between xempty AND xfull.
  4. IF void IS distance THEN it IS between xhere AND xthere.
  5. IF void IS field THEN it IS between xthis AND xthat.
  6. IF void IS location THEN it IS between xthis AND xthat.
  7. IF void IS slot THEN it IS between xthis AND xthat.
  8. and so on…

Consider, distance:

  •  Potential relation from one’s position, far and near are the actions.

Below, a list of synonyms (C-roles) for Distance from Thesaurus.com .

Distance {area, length, orbit, radius, scope, separation, size, space, span, stretch, width, absence, ambit, amplitude, bit, breadth, compass, expanse, extension, extent, farness, heavens, hinterland, horizon, lapse, objective, outpost, outskirts, provinces, purlieu, purview, reach, remoteness, remove, sky, spread, sweep, way, country mile}

All of the C-roles are anchored on position and attended under relation.

  • M-roles: states:{<position, relation>}
  • C-roles: targets:{area, length, orbit, radius, scope, separation, size …}

Q Gloss Utility: If/Then Template for C-Roles Intending Distance:

  1. IF position IS area THEN relation IS xhere AND xthere.
  2. IF position IS length THEN relation IS FROM xthere TO xhere
  3. IF position IS orbit THEN relation IS xcentral TO xhere
  4. IF position IS radius THEN relation IS xcentral TO xhere.
  5. IF position IS scope THEN relation IS FROM xthis TO xthat.
  6. IF position IS separation THEN relation IS xthere NOT xhere.
  7. IF position IS size THEN relation IS FROM xbig TO xsmall.
  8. and so on…

The model aims to assist in the disambiguation and predicting of word use. However, its prime function is to retrieve dynamic sense FOR messages.

Q analysis is based on the Dynamical Context and not the Situational Context. The differences between contexts is reviewed in the Project Overview. Next, is an analysis of a basic Dynamical Context Script.

Orientational Analysis: Topic Name; distance:

The true meaning of distance is found in the situational context. That is, the situational-context text answers for the dynamical-context target variables.

  •  “My friend lives far from here.”

Textual Elements: {<my, friend, live, far, from, here>}

Cued Terms (elements) Form a Pentanym:

  1. Mine(x) → [Present(possess) ⊇ Receive(object)](x)
  2. Friend(x) → [Affection(self) ⊇ Genial(companion)](x)
  3. Reside(x) → [Move(live) ⊇ Stay(visit)](x)
  4. Distance(x) → [Far(position) ⊇ Near(relation)](x)
  5. Direction(x) → [There(from) ⊇ Here(to)](x)
Topic Name Expansive Reductive Objective Subjective
mine present receive object possess
friend affection genial companion self
reside move stay visit live
distance far near relation position
direction there here to from
container
out in full empty

Polynym ranks represent contextual timelines. That is, hierarchical layers form with the textual development and topic rankings change in real time.

Brief Description of Contextual Timeline:

Quadranyms form units. Units are frames. When linked together form scripts. Polynyms refer to each layer of script. Scripts run simultaneously on different contextual timelines. Upper scripts constrain lower scripts.

  • This refers to procedures e.g., when you get up for work; take shower, brush teeth, have breakfast, rush out etc… work forms the contextual timelines.

Details are beyond the scope of this article. More information: Model Page

Script Example: 

An important note, when thinking about scripts keep in mind that the content in (text) and of the system (M-roles) are hierarchical.  Consider that there are the very general prime dimensions, then the fairly general M-Roles and then the specific C-Roles. C-Roles are the content of text filtered into scripts. Once they are part of a script they can be used like M-Roles. But, only when part of a script. For example, subjective is a prime dimension, self is a Meta-Dimensional role of that dimension and Jan is a C-Role. Jan can become an M-Role for a script and can function like a prototype for person. A prime dimension has many M-Roles i.e., subjective: being, actual, active, self, constant, core, point of view, zero-point.

Scripts are a work in progress.

The dynamic sense of Proximity & Remoteness:

Consider the table above, there are certain relationships that will be relevant to the text and easily applied to the script. In this analysis, we focus on the metaphysical paradigm on which this script functions. It deals with an organism’s deictic sense of remoteness & proximity. A lot of moving parts—difficult to explain and tricky to design for machines to execute.

Spatial sense virtually plays out in this script, an analog for grouping or separating inclusive stuff from exclusive stuff. It should provide a spatial metaphoric system for organizing thoughts in terms of relations of locations.

Below are two different senses of distance.

  1. Distance → [Far(position) ⊇ Near(relation)].
  2. Distance → [Remote(central) ⊇ Proximity(place)].

The Two Unit’s Pair Relations (by columns):

Expansive Reductive Objective Subjective
far near relation position
remote proximity place central
  • <central _ position>, <remote _ far>, <place _ relation>, <proximity _ near>.

Script:

For text the example, the text is filtered into the script below.

  •  Text: “My friend lives far from here.”

Script/Gross Units:

  • [Far(position) _ Near(relation)]<find>[Far(relation) _ Near(object)]<find>[Far(object) _ Near(place)]<find>[Far(place) _ Near(object)]

Script/Net Units:

  • Far(relation) + Far(object) + Far(place) = Near(object)

The challenge:

Consider the full text of our example.

  • “She said that she would give me the table for half price if I picked it up today but it wouldn’t fit in my car. Then I remembered that I have a friend with a truck. My friend lives far from here. I wasn’t sure if he could come on such short notice. But he did and I got my table. I really owe him a big favor!”

The situation is about transporting a large heavy object from one place to another and also about getting help to do it. The dynamical context is still about spatial dynamics but includes, transaction and social cooperation.

The situational context changes because of the additional text.

One challenge is about creating a model able to identify what dynamical contexts to develop and how to nest hierarchical systems. Dynamical Contexts have discursive possibilities, that is, true paths and false paths.



Script Description & Analysis

Text: “My friend lives far from here.”

Script Premise: Distance → [Far(position) ⊇ Near(relation)].

  • Far is the predicate for all potential description of text
  • Near is the predicate for all actual description of text
  • position is the subject for all actual description of text
  • relation is the subject for all potential description of text

Textual Elements added to Script:

  1. Far(position_self) {my, friend, lives, far, from, here} <find> Near(relation) {far}
  2. Far(relation_other) {far} <find> Near(object) {friend}
  3. Far(object_person) {friend} <find> Near(place) {lives}
  4. Far(place_other) {lives} <find> Near(object) {friend}

Color Key:

  • Blue: expansive_superset_potential_predicate
  • Green: subjective_superset_actual_subject
  • Red: reductive_subset_actual_predicate
  • Orange: objective_subset_potential_subject
  1. Mode Sets: potentialactual (i.e., predicates)
  2. State Sets: actualpotential (i.e., subjects)

Actual & Potential: The Meta-Role is the system’s meta knowledge. It lets the system know if a particular state is a state of the self model. Self is part of every dynamical context. Each actual state has a potential state. The potential states are the inferences available to a particular self.  A chunk of text is actual content for an actual state. Some of that content will anchor on the actual state and some of it will advance to its potential state. Other times an actual state will not anchor for any of the content presented to it. If the content is beyond a units capacity it will be passed to another unit.

Modes: all contents are potential and some can be actual. Or all are both. States: all contents are actual and some can be potential. Or all are both. For instance, consider a bar of 4/4 in music. There is the actual count and the potential accents i.e., actual state {1,2,3,4} ≥ potential state {2,4}.

  • A script begins at some zero-point. This represents the actual-subject i.e., the umwelt as a deictic center. It is predicated on potential. It targets what is predicated on actual. The target is the potential-subject for any situation.

Musical Unit Example:

  • Topic Name: The Beat
  • [Potential_Pause(actual_count) ⊇ Actual_Note(potential_accent)])

Keeping with our musical metaphor, the actual count is the zero-point predicated on potential pause. The potential accents are predicated on actual notes but are still only potentials for any given composition.

*Notes in () can be skipped*

(Note: The model is about a multi-organizational system that works on several levels simultaneously. It is a bit difficult to get a grip on. A good understanding or aha moment comes as one becomes familiar with a wide variety of quadranym units and how they relate to each other. For instance, pause in music underlays the general topic quadranym space (from the first matrix). Not all quadranyms nest this conveniently but many will.  The space unit describes Infinite(void) over finite(between). This corresponds nicely with music. An accent note is essentially a finite moment. The space between the notes is essentially a continuous void in the expansive sense of space. Music demands that space be available for notes. The expansive / infinite sense of space is displaced by reductive / finite occurrences of it.)

(Note: There is one actual subject and one actual predicate. And there is one potential subject and one potential predicate. One difference between them concerns the difference between what is required (actual) and what is acquired (potential) to set up topics. For subject dynamics, what is required (actual subject) anchors what is possible to acquire (potential subject). On the other hand, for predicate dynamics, what is acquired (potential predicate) can become something required (actual predicate). The two dynamics describe a process that works to develop topics and scripts)

Actual & Potential Dependencies:

  • Superset: potential predicate depends on actual subject.
  • Subset: potential subject depends on actual predicate.
  • Generally, the subsets depend on the super-sets.

(On a side note, when the terms active and passive are being used as M-Roles, this refers to power. Active power is the ability to use. Passive power is that which is being used i.e., Active(active) ≥ Passive(passive). The superset is the active power using the subset that is the passive power.)

Next step is to join units to make scripts:

In this example, a,b,c,d finds e through script.

  • Potential M-role of previous unit becomes Actual M-role of next unit.

[E_mode_potential_b(s_state_actual_a) ⊇ R_mode_actual_c(o_state_potential_d)]<find>[E_mode_potential_b(s_state_actual_d) ⊇ R_mode_actual_c(o_state_potential_e)]

  • 1st unit: State_actual_a
  • 2nd unit: State_actual_d

(Above, notice how d is a repeated subject, first it’s potential and then it’s actual. And also notice how the predicates carryover and repeat.)

A new zero-point (point of view) is rendered in the 2nd unit. The point of view is still a but another point of view d is added as part of the script. That is,  a can now see things as d will see them i.e, a has another point of view.

With a new view point comes a new potential i.e., new objective_state.

Now lets consider our text below with the focus on spatial sense.

Textual Elements: {<My, friend, lives, far, from, here>}

Topic Name Expansive Reductive Objective Subjective
1. mine/my present receive object possess
2. friend affection genial companion self
reside move stay visit 3. live/lives
distance 4. far near relation position
direction there 6. here to 5. from
container
out in full empty
distance2 remote proximity place central
distance1 far near relation position

Script:

  • [Far(position) _ Near(relation)]<find>[Far(relation) _ Near(object)]<find>[Far(object) _ Near(place)]<find>[Far(place) _ Near(object)]

Notice:

  • This script uses these subset descriptions relation, object and place.

Cycle (close the loop): Actual Subject describes FOR Potential Subject.

Scripts are about what a word can be FOR and not what a word IS.

FOR Code Template:

  1. position describes Xmy FOR relation that describes Xfar FOR position
  2. relation describes Xfar FOR object that describes Xfriend FOR relation
  3. object describes Xfriend FOR place that describes Xlives FOR object
  4. place describes Xlives FOR object that describes Xfriend FOR place

My, from, here, are words that position is FOR. Friend, lives, far are words that have potential for a new position, to advance and multiply in the script. Friend is a social element that relation is primarily FOR, but in a spatial script it is an element that object is primarily FOR. However, it becomes a relation (FOR element) later in the script. Each unit has primary elements.

Unit: Distance1

  • Far(position) Near(relation)
  • Far(position): Far is the potential for the actual elements of position.
  • Near(relation): Near is what the actual relations can be potentially for.

Predicates:  In scripts, predicates are modes. They’re not about modifying subjects of sentences. Predicates are about how subjects are constrained by their influence. The superset predicate describes a foundation for the potentials of a subject’s elements (what becomes). The subset predicate describes a foundation for the subject’s actual elements (what for). 

Subjects: In scripts, subjects are states. They describe being and becoming.

  • my, from, here are actual subjects (being subjects, do not become).
  • friend, live, far are potential subjects (becoming subjects, do become).

Textual Elements added to Script:

  1. Far(position_self) {my, friend, lives, far, from, here} <find> Near(relation) {far}
  2. Far(relation_other) {far} <find> Near(object) {friend}
  3. Far(object_person) {friend} <find> Near(place) {lives}
  4. Far(place_other) {lives} <find> Near(object) {friend}

The first potential – is relation – becoming from actual – that is being – the central position – of distance. Far becomes relation potential for 1st unit.

  • Far(position_self) {my, friend, lives, far, from, here} <find> Near(relation) {far}

Summery of Script Description & Analysis:

Because there is a lot to unpack we will focus mostly on the scripts 1st unit.

In the sentence, My friend lives far from here.,  far and here are adverbs and from is a preposition. They are combined together to make up the adverb phrase, far from here. The phrase  modifies the verb lives. Lives is an action verb. It describes the dynamic of friend.  My friend is a noun phrase. My is a possessive determiner. Friend is a noun and the subject of the sentence.

  • Above, grammar illustrates an instance of a dynamic.

The grammar tells us little about the spatial sense in the text. We know that friend lives far however, in our view, far is being used in two different systems simultaneously. One that communicates the dynamical context (spatial sense) and one that communicates the situational context (story).

  • Below, word-Sensibility models dynamic sense.

In grammar, my modifies the subject (noun friend). In the dynamical context, my is being described by the central_position that anchors far. Far is a spatial term. It falls under the expansive mode of the topic distance and is a meta-dimensional role. Any M-Role will act like an adjective to describe a C-role. In this case, the M-Role relation describes the C-Role far. On the other hand, the M-Role far describes a relation from the central_position that extends out to some potential place along the expansive mode axis.

  • 1st Objective Potential: far is potential relation FOR actual{my}_position.

As the script progresses to the 2nd unit, far is now an actual-subject and the new potential from the text will be described as an object, according to the script. My, from and here remain as 1st zero-point (0:{my, from, here}).

  • 2nd Objective Potential: friend is potential object FOR actual{far}_relation.

Again, while my, from, here remain in the superset, far, friend, lives become subsets i.e., far = relation, friend = object, lives = place. We can also say, relation describes far, place describes lives and object describes friend

All script and unit parsing of text follow a similar kind of story.

Script Conclusion:

Discrete Individual = []

From:

[Far(position){my}]

To:

  • IF:
    2 Individuals:
    [Far(relation){far}] + [Far(object){friend}]
    THEN
    1 Individual: [Far(place){lives} = Near(object){friend}]

It can be cleaned up to say…

  • IF far friend THEN friend lives at a place far away.
  1. Expansive = continuous variant, e.g., Unity(central).
  2. Reductive = discrete invariant, e.g., Proximity(individual)
  3. Script Units = discrete variants, e.g., Plurality(remote)

Mixing in the Mixer:

Practicality…

Subject terms & relations are weighted & sorted into the script, including, polynym table equivocations, M-roles, C-roles, sources, targets, root relations.

  • Preparation includes: knowledge graphs, word vectors & data training.

Theoretically…

Scripts represent a general model of sequential learning. A script cycles and closes the loop on role relations. State M-roles iterate as terms are sorted into their C-Roles i.e., textual terms are mixed in with topical & root terms. All textual terms become subjects of the script. The grammar is set aside.

  • The sequence of a script is a procedure for developing other points of view.

Synopsis:

Quadranyms represent the smallest unit of context in the system. Although they are rendered to effectually deal with word sense they are scalable units able to span from word-topics to theme-topics. They are about virtual states of sensibility and represent a responsiveness toward something that is able to become a contextual artifact. That is, an orienting context that is dynamically actual and situationally potential i.e., a dynamical context.

Every unit is a trajectory. The trajectory is about what is being and how that being may become. That is, each subjective state (being) has an objective state (becoming) to identify. Each is predicated by modes (e.g., distance: far & near). Each unit initiates from the actual state (superset subject) and is always predicated on the expansive mode category. This reflects a basic principle of the word-sensibility model, that what is actual is the response being sensed. Logic is a form of reasoning used to reach a conclusion using the most accurate facts available. This is not how commonsense necessarily functions as it can manifest on social assumptions and no facts. The model aims to abstract how assumptions form. Commonsense reasoning does not always strictly adhere to logic as it sometimes aims to make points by generating and using rhetoric to form arguments. The Q explores how a system does this (i.e., form & share novel ideas). Topical interoperability is the ability to accept or reject the orientations or conclusions of other systems.

Basically, a script allows a target of some condition to become the new bias. Q is about heuristic thinking or quick thinking. Slower more deliberative thinking is a hand-off to another process level (See; Thinking Fast & Slow). Scripts represent needed procedures and that to which language anchors.

The usefulness of scripts are their ability to be reused in different ways. Patterns of error may be recognized and communicated more easily by applying topical orientation analysis to show where a representation fails to make sense. Scripts & layers are a foundation for metaphorical analysis.

Various clusters can be loaded into gloss utility templates and assist in analyzing metaphoric dynamics, not covered in this article. Different variations apply to the elements that include, copulas, quantifiers, subjects, predicates & conditionals. Phrasal Templates are also used to test and form quadranyms and can serve as dictionary examples. These phrasal templates express quadranyms through textual samples. There are various phrasal template types and quadranym types. Also beyond the scope of this article.

To conclude, our aim was to bring some understanding of quadranyms and polynyms. The full idea involves unpacking a multi-organizational dynamic system.  The model is a method for commonsense representation that introduces the idea of motivated dynamical-contexts anchoring word-level concepts, we refer to it as Word-Sensibility. Any word in the system can be considered a motivated dynamical-context. Central to this process is the idea that there is the immanent and what necessarily must transcend the immanent, by which this implicates the skills, volition and resources that one has to cope in the world. Word-sensibility is proposed as a hypothetical construct pertaining to affective and conative components. It’s about social instincts, habits, emotions and volition reinforced by the environment.

  • Meaning is in the world. Influencing meaning is in the organism. It’s for the same reason that food is in the world –organisms need energy of the world.
Habit is the Social Glue

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